DECARBONISING THE HEAVY INDUSTRIES
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DECARBONISING THE HEAVY INDUSTRIES Steel, cement, and chemicals are the top three heavy industries and stand out as particularly challenging to decarbonize. This difficulty arises from technical constraints, such as their reliance on extremely high temperatures and the release of carbon dioxide during their processes. Economic factors further compound the challenge, including narrow profit margins, high capital requirements, long asset lifespans, and susceptibility to international trade dynamics. The heavy industry sector plays a pivotal role in bolstering job security and propelling economic growth, making it a linchpin of some of the world's most rapidly advancing economies. Its substantial contributions extend to fostering socio-economic development and urbanization. India, as a case in point, emits a significant annual volume of greenhouse gases, totaling 2.9 GtCO2e. Globally, the power and heat sectors connected to heavy industries contribute approximately 60% of the world...